Pattern Day Trading Rules: What Investors Should Know | Ally (2024)

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  • Feb. 27, 2024
  • 3 min read

What we'll cover

If you're a regular day trader, you may know that understanding pattern day trading (PDT) rules can help you avoid complications. Even if you don't plan to day trade often, it's critical to understand exactly what constitutes a day trade.

First, what is a day trade?

Day traders open and close a position during the same day with the goal of profiting off any price changes, whether that means buying a security once the value goes up or short selling it if they think the stock will go down. Day traders try to use the market's volatility to their advantage, no matter which way it goes — up or down.

Like with all investing, but especially short-term, day trading comes with risk, since it's all about taking a chance on small price movements.

So, what is a pattern day trader?

Sometimes, day traders who use margin (increased leverage) with one account exceed four (or more) day trades in five business days.

When that happens, their brokerage firm must mark their account as that of a pattern day trader, provided that the number of day trades represents more than 6% of their total trades in the margin account for that same five-business-day period. Keep in mind a brokerage can choose to be stricter than the FINRA rules, so check the details with your specific firm.

Pattern day trading rules & examples

Patter day trading rules don't prevent trading — and they can help to protect traders.

What are the PDT rules?

PDT rules come from the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA). Under the PDT rules, you must maintain minimum equity of $25,000 in your margin account prior to day trading on any given day. If the account falls below the $25,000 requirement, you cannot day trade until you are back at or above the $25,000 minimum.

Read Ally Invest's full day trading disclosure.

Brokers usually lock the account as soon as this rule gets triggered, but the lockout period varies, depending on the broker's guidelines.

You must follow the same margin requirements if you're an occasional day trader, meaning you must have a minimum equity of $2,000 to initially buy on margin and meet the Regulation T requirements .

You must have:

  • 50% of the total purchase amount

  • Keep at least 25% equity in your margin account

Examples of pattern day trading

Let's look at an example of what might constitute a day in the life of a day trader:

Pattern Day Trading Rules: What Investors Should Know | Ally (1)

Now, let's see how you might become “labeled" as a pattern day trader. Let's say you open a $10,000 trading account, then:

  • On Monday, you trade ABC stock.

  • On Tuesday, you trade DEF stock.

  • On Wednesday, you trade XYZ stock.

Since the pattern day trading rules trigger when you make four or more trades in a five business-day period, you can't day trade again until the next Monday. You can sell existing holdings provided they were not purchased the same day.

What happens if I’m flagged as a patter day trader?

Once your account triggers the PDT rules, your broker can issue you a margin call if you hold less than the minimum PDT equity requirement. You have, at most, five business days to deposit funds or eligible securities or raise your account to meet the call. If the call is not met, you may experience restricted, but not suspended, trading.

If you don't meet the margin call after five business days, your broker may place you under a 90-day cash restricted account status until you meet the $25,000 minimum.

Note: Ally Invest's Self-Directed Trading platform gives you a warning message if you start making your third day trade.

Leverage: A double-edged sword

Although you might think there is great benefit in accessing increased margin with a pattern day trade account, you can lose money.

In fact, when you day trade with borrowed funds, you can lose more than your initial investment. Since expenses can pile up quickly, you must monitor and control this expense.

Be prepared

Whether you’re a savvy trader or paper trading for the first time, take care to continue honing your investing skills and stay in-the-know on all things day trading.

Pattern Day Trading Rules: What Investors Should Know | Ally (2024)

FAQs

Pattern Day Trading Rules: What Investors Should Know | Ally? ›

Under the PDT rules, you must maintain minimum equity of $25,000 in your margin account prior to day trading on any given day. If the account falls below the $25,000 requirement, you cannot day trade until you are back at or above the $25,000 minimum. Read Ally Invest's full day trading disclosure.

How do you beat the pattern day trader rule? ›

Using a cash account is probably the easiest way to avoiding the PDT rule. The only set back with a cash account is you can only use settled funds. This means when you buy or sell a stock in a cash account, the money takes 2 days plus the trade (T + 2) date to settle before you can use them again.

What is the 3-5-7 rule in trading? ›

What is the 3 5 7 rule in trading? A risk management principle known as the “3-5-7” rule in trading advises diversifying one's financial holdings to reduce risk. The 3% rule states that you should never risk more than 3% of your whole trading capital on a single deal.

What is the 6% rule for pattern day traders? ›

Who Is a Pattern Day Trader? According to FINRA rules, you're considered a pattern day trader if you execute four or more "day trades" within five business days—provided that the number of day trades represents more than 6 percent of your total trades in the margin account for that same five business day period.

How to not get flagged as a pattern day trader? ›

Monitor your day trades.

Placing fewer than 4 day trades in any rolling 5 trading day period will help avoid a PDT flag.

What is the most successful day trading pattern? ›

Ascending & descending triangle

This is one of the best chart patterns for day traders to know as it tends to indicate a breakout towards an upward trend. This means a good chance at making big profits. To draw the trend lines, look for two swing highs and two swing lows on your chart.

What happens if you get flagged as a pattern day trader? ›

What happens if I'm flagged as a patter day trader? Once your account triggers the PDT rules, your broker can issue you a margin call if you hold less than the minimum PDT equity requirement. You have, at most, five business days to deposit funds or eligible securities or raise your account to meet the call.

What is the 80 20 rule in trading? ›

In investing, the 80-20 rule generally holds that 20% of the holdings in a portfolio are responsible for 80% of the portfolio's growth. On the flip side, 20% of a portfolio's holdings could be responsible for 80% of its losses.

What is 90% rule in trading? ›

The 90 rule in Forex is a commonly cited statistic that states that 90% of Forex traders lose 90% of their money in the first 90 days. This is a sobering statistic, but it is important to understand why it is true and how to avoid falling into the same trap.

What is the 90 90 90 rule traders? ›

There's a saying in the industry that's fairly common, the '90-90-90 rule'. It goes along the lines, 90% of traders lose 90% of their money in the first 90 days. If you're reading this then you're probably in one of those 90's... Make no mistake, the entire industry is set up that way to achieve exactly that, 90-90-90.

How much money do day traders with $10,000 accounts make per day on average? ›

With a $10,000 account, a good day might bring in a five percent gain, which is $500. However, day traders also need to consider fixed costs such as commissions charged by brokers. These commissions can eat into profits, and day traders need to earn enough to overcome these fees [2].

Can you day trade with 100 dollars? ›

Can You Start Trading With $100? Yes, you can technically start trading with $100 but it depends on what you are trying to trade and the strategy you are employing. Depending on that, brokerages may ask for a minimum deposit in your account that could be higher than $100.

What patterns do day traders look for? ›

The best chart patterns for day trading include the triangle, flag, pennant, wedge, and bullish hammer chart patterns.

What happens if you are flagged as a PDT but have over 25,000? ›

When a customer with more than $25,000 is flagged as a PDT, the customer can day trade for unlimited times if he/she has sufficient day-trading buying power(DTBP). Your DTBP is equal to the excess maintenance margin that is available in your account multiplied by two (or by four, brokers can adjust the leverage).

What happens if you break PDT? ›

Account suspension: In some cases, a brokerage firm may suspend your account if you repeatedly violate the PDT Rule or other trading rules. The suspension may last for a certain period of time, or the firm may terminate your account altogether.

Why do you need $25,000 to day trade? ›

Why Do You Need 25k To Day Trade? The $25k requirement for day trading is a rule set by FINRA. It's designed to protect investors from the risks of day trading. By requiring a minimum equity of $25k, FINRA ensures that investors have enough capital to absorb potential losses.

Can I get around the pattern day trader rule? ›

In addition to having an offshore account, day traders can avoid the PDT Rule by trading foreign currency or futures. Neither of these asset classes require a certain level of cash. In fact, you can open an account with many brokers for just a few thousand dollars.

How long does a pattern day trader restriction last? ›

A PDT who chose to still force in day-trading will result in Day Trading Margin Call (DT Call) and 90 Days Restriction (90DR) of liquidating-transactions only.

How to pattern day trade without 25k? ›

You can day trade without $25k in accounts with brokers that do not enforce the Pattern Day Trader rule, which typically applies to U.S. stock markets. Consider forex or futures markets, which have different regulations and often lower entry barriers for day trading. Swing trading is another option.

How many trades do you need to be a pattern day trader? ›

FINRA rules define a pattern day trader as any customer who executes four or more “day trades” within five business days, provided that the number of day trades represents more than six percent of the customer's total trades in the margin account for that same five business day period.

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